Lathe machining is an important component of mechanical machining, which mainly uses cutting materials to achieve the machining method of the target shape, classified as cutting machining. The following is a detailed explanation about lathe machining:
Definition and Classification
Definition: Lathe machining is the process of cutting unnecessary parts into the target shape by contacting cutting tools with rotating materials.
Classification: Lathe machining can be classified according to different classification standards. According to the degree of automation, it can be divided into CNC lathes, automatic lathes, ordinary lathes, etc; According to the processing method, it can be divided into horizontal lathes, vertical lathes, etc.
Processing form
There are two main forms of lathe machining:
Fixed turning tool for machining rotating workpieces: In this form, the turning tool is fixed while the workpiece is machined while rotating. This method is suitable for processing workpieces with various rotating surfaces.
Fixed workpiece machining mobile turning tool: In this form, the workpiece is fixed, and the turning tool (tool holder) performs precision machining on the workpiece through horizontal and vertical movement. This method is suitable for situations that require higher precision machining.
Processing method
Lathe machining has various processing methods, mainly including:
Outer diameter machining: machining the outer surface of the workpiece.
Inner diameter machining: machining the inner hole of the workpiece.
Thread cutting: Processing threads on a workpiece.
Cutting processing: Cutting the workpiece into the required length.
CNC lathe
Numerical control lathe is an important development direction for modern lathe machining. It usually consists of a control system, servo system, detection system, mechanical transmission system, and other auxiliary systems. By programming, the machining conditions are pre loaded into the CNC system to achieve automatic machining. CNC lathes have the advantages of high machining accuracy, high production efficiency, and strong adaptability, and are widely used in the machining of various precision parts.
Processing materials
The materials commonly used in lathe machining include easy cutting steel and copper. Free cutting steel contains high levels of sulfur and phosphorus elements, which exist in the form of manganese sulfide in the steel, providing lubrication and making it easier to cut, thereby improving the production progress of lathes.
application area
Lathe machining has a wide range of applications in mechanical manufacturing and repair factories. It is mainly used for machining shafts, disks, sleeves, and other workpieces with rotating surfaces. In addition, on the lathe, corresponding machining can also be carried out using drill bits, reaming drills, reamers, taps, dies, and rolling tools to meet different machining needs.
In summary, lathe machining is an important mechanical machining method that achieves the machining of target shapes by cutting materials in rotation. With the development and application of CNC technology, CNC lathes have become the mainstream trend in modern lathe machining.
